![]() ![]() The good news is that vaccines are still expected to be effective at preventing severe disease, hospitalization, and death from COVID-19. Because information about COVID-19 changes rapidly, we encourage you to visit the websites of the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC), World Health Organization (WHO), and your state and local government.ĬOVID-19 is now in its fourth year, and the Omicron variant and its subvariants are still driving infections in cases in the United States. Information in this article was accurate at the time of original publication. Adults ages 18 years and older who received one or two J&J COVID-19 vaccine doses are recommended to receive one bivalent mRNA dose (Moderna or Pfizer-BioNTech) at least two months after completion of the previous dose. ![]() The CDC says that people ages 18 years and older who received one dose of the J&J vaccine should be considered to have received a single-dose J&J primary series. ![]() "This should help reduce anxieties that the vaccines will be less effective in either situation.Note: The Johnson & Johnson (Janssen) COVID-19 vaccine is no longer available in the U.S. "The findings suggest that either spike mRNA vaccine will work well against SARS-CoV-2, even if a person doesn't experience symptoms after vaccination or if they had a prior infection by the virus," says study lead author Amanda Debes, assistant scientist in international health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. The one person who did not have IgG antibodies was taking an immunosuppressant medication.įactors that were independently associated with higher median IgG levels (after adjusting for time following the second vaccine dose) were reporting of clinically significant symptoms, age younger than 60, being female, receipt of the Moderna vaccine, and prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Regardless of symptoms, nearly all participants (953 of 954, or 99.9%) developed spike IgG antibodies 14 or more days following the administration of the second dose. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increased odds of clinically significant symptoms following one dose but not two. After adjusting for prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, age, and sex, the odds of clinically significant symptoms following either dose were higher among those who received the Moderna vaccine. Participants self-reported symptoms following vaccination as none, mild (injection site pain, mild fatigue, or headache), or clinically significant (fatigue, fever, or chills).Ĭlinically significant symptoms were reported by 52 (5%) of the participants after the first vaccine dose and by 407 (43%) after the second shot. Infection was defined as having a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test result prior to 14 days after a second vaccine dose or a high IgG antibody count against S1 prior to vaccination. The researchers recruited 954 Johns Hopkins Medicine health care workers who had received both doses of either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines, including some who had a known prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. ![]() "It wasn't known if a lack of symptoms following vaccination or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection would indicate a less-than-adequate antibody response in people who received either the Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna vaccines, so we studied an available group of staff from our hospital to see if there were any connections," says study senior author Aaron Milstone, associate hospital epidemiologist at Johns Hopkins Hospital. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies elicited by S1 from the vaccines stimulating the immune system neutralize the virus particles, preventing infection by SARS-CoV-2, or at least reducing the severity of the disease. The spikes enable the virus to latch onto healthy cells and infect them. The two mRNA vaccines evaluated in the study introduce the body's immune system to S1, a protein subunit that's a component of the spikes found on the surface of SARS-CoV-2. The Johns Hopkins Medicine study is described in a research letter published Aug. That's the key finding from a recent study of nearly 1,000 health care workers in the Johns Hopkins Health System who received two doses of either the vaccine manufactured by Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna. Assistant scientist, Bloomberg School of Public Health ![]()
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